More HTML Links to particular places within HTML documents can often be useful. For example, if you want to have a link from a first document to the middle of a second document, do something like the following: In the second document, find the place you want to link to. Often you want to be able to jump to the start of a section, often a heading of some sort. Let's pretend this is the case, that the second document is called business.html, and that the desired heading is:

How to Get Rich in 30 Days

Add an anchor as follows. Note that the anchor tags should go within the heading tags.

How to Get Rich in 30 Days

Then in the first document, perhaps called mypage.html, add an anchor such as this: Advice on Getting Rich Now there will be a link in mypage.html showing the words "Advice on Getting Rich". When someone clicks on this, the browser will jump to the section of business.html starting with the "Rich30" name. You can also use an anchor name to allow people to click on a link to go to a certain spot within the same document. For example, it is common to have a link located at the bottom of a document to jump up to the top of the document. To do this, put an anchor like the following at the top of the body section, say around the first heading:

Br. David's Home Page

Then at the bottom set up the link using something like this: Go to Top In general, note that after HREF= comes a location in double quotes, consisting of a filename followed by a # sign and an anchor name. As seen above the filename would be omitted if you are referencing another location in the same document. You already know that the # sign and anchor name can be omitted, as that would give the usual form for a link to the top of another document. The following example shows first an old Web page of mine, named index.html, and then the file compute.html. Note how each file has a link to the top of the same document. The first file also has two links into the middle of the second document. Br. David's Home Page

Br. David Carlson, O.S.B.

Office location: Physics 204
Phone extension: 2416
Email address: carlsond@acad1.stvincent.edu

Br. David is a Benedictine monk of St. Vincent Archabbey who works primarily with computers at St. Vincent College. His main jobs are as follows:

For more information about the various computer-related departments at St. Vincent College, see Computing at St. Vincent College.

Return to the top

Computing at St. Vincent College

Computer-Related Departments at St. Vincent College

Information Services Department

Director: Mr. Paul Steinhaus
Phone: 2177

This department handles administrative computing and campus networking. In addition, it takes care of the computer facilities in the library and the dorms.

Instructional Computing Department

Director: Br. David Carlson
Phone: 2416

This department is responsible for the main college computer labs, as well as the UNIX-based academic minicomputer. The latter is an HP 9000 running HP-UX 10 and having over 800 users. This computer handles email for faculty and students and provides software such as compilers and SPSS for various courses.

Main computer labs:

Computing & Information Science Department

Chairperson: Mr. Harry Morrison
Phone: 2418

This department teaches computer science. It provides students with individual courses, a minor, a major, and a certificate program. The courses offered attempt to cover most of the major fields within computing. The major itself provides a choice of emphasis of business, mathematical computing, or computer science.

Departmental Offerings:

Go to the top of this document

Other protocols: The usual protocol that you see in a Web address (URL, universal resource locator, to be technical) is http, which stands for hypertext transfer protocol. Thus you see Web addresses such as: http://www.gigabit.com/u1/index.html The http indicates the hypertext transfer protocol. The www.gigabit.com is the host name, which in the end resolves to a numeric address for some computer at the gigabit company. The u1 is a directory on this computer, and the index.html is obviously the name of an HTML file. Here is another URL, which is (the last I knew) a real one. This is the address for Encyclopedia Britanica: http://www.eb.com:180/eb.html Do you understand the parts of this one? Note that this example adds a number after the hostname. That indicates a port address on this computer. Here is another popular protocol: ftp://ftp.mcafee.com/pub/antivirus/ The initial ftp: indicates the file transfer protocol. Next comes the hostname, and a path (the directory antivirus within the directory pub). This is where one can download the updated virus signature files for McAfee VirusScan as well as free demos. This URL is for anonymous ftp, where you don't need an account on the host computer. It is possible to specify the other kind of ftp, but it is not advisable to do so since you must put your login ID and password in as part of the URL. (Too many people have packet sniffing programs that can extract data from packets on the Internet. Someone might come up with your password!) Another protocol that you may have seen is the file protocol. That is the one that browsers use when you simply open a file on your local hard drive. For example, you might see something like the following after opening the file mypage.htm from the SAVE directory on a diskette in drive A: file:///A|/SAVE/MYPAGE.HTM Note the extra slash before the drive letter and the vertical bar after it. Also remember that in a URL you use forward slashes, even if the file is on a PC. With Internet Explorer, you may also be able to use the familiar A:\SAVE\MYPAGE.HTM, without any file in front and using backslashes. There is also a mailto URL for a link that, when selected, activates the user's email program in order to send a message to the address in the link. Here is an example: sue@stvincent.edu Note that some special characters cannot be directly handled in URLs. These have to be specified using escape codes so that they are not misunderstood by browsers. These escape codes use a 2-digit hexadecimal number preceded by the % sign. For example, %20 is a space character. The escape code for this character would need to be included in a file name containing a space (which is allowed on a Macintosh or recent versions of Windows). For example, you might see: http://www.somehost.com/Web%20Files/index.html Here the directory name is "Web Files", with a space in it.